Table of Contents
Overview
Today people drive very fast. Accidents happen so often that we lost our precious life by making small Driving errors (school area, hill area, roads). Therefore, to avoid this type of accident and alert drivers and control the speed of their cars in these types of places, the Highway Administration has made posters. But sometimes it can These signs can be seen and there is the possibility of an accident. Therefore, inform the driver of the zones and speed Limit automatically, this is done using RF technology. The main goal is to design a custom smart display controller for Vehicle speed control and zone monitoring, which can work in one integrated system. Display and Smart Control (SDC) can be customized and Designed to fit the dash and display information about the vehicle. The project consists of two independent units: The zone status transmitter and receiver module (display and speed control). Once you receive information about the regions, The unit built into the vehicle automatically alerts the driver with a red colour.
Keywords: Automobile, RF, traffic, embedded system.
Required Hardware Components
Hardware
- ATMEGA328P Microcontroller.
- rf module
- l293d
- dc motor
- Lcd
Software:
- Arduino compiler
- Proteus designing software
- Embedded c programming
- Flash magic.
Bill of Materials
| S.No | COMPONENTS | DESCRIPTION | QUANTITY |  |
| 1 | Arduino Uno | Arduino UNO atmega328 | 1 | https://www.amazon.in/Scriptronics-ATmega328P |
| 2 | 4-wheel robotic chassis | 4-wheel robotic chassis | 1 | https://www.amazon.in/Kit4Curious-Wheel-Curious-Chassis-Robotics |
| 3 | RF Wireless Encoder & Decoder | RF Wireless Encoder & Decoder | 1 | https://www.amazon.in/Invento-Wireless-Transmitter-Receiver |
| 4 | L293D Motor Driver Module | L293D Motor Driver Module | 1 | https://www.amazon.in/Electrobot-Driver-Shield-Expansion-Arduino |
| 5 | LCD 16*2 | LCD 16*2 | 1 | https://www.amazon.in/OLatus-OL-COMBO-DISPLAY |
| 6 | Jumper Wires | Jumper Wires | 40 | https://www.amazon.in/YUVS-Jumper-Wires |
INTRODUCTION
Road facilities are a major concern in the developed world. Recent studies show that a third of all deaths or Serious accidents are associated with excessive or Improper speed, as well as changes in the road (such as the presence of roadworks or unexpected obstacles). Reducing and mitigating the number of accidents The consequences are of great concern to traffic authorities, Research groups from the automotive and transportation industry. The important line of work consists of the use of advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS), which are audio systems, frantic or visual cues produced by the vehicle itself to Communicate the possibility of a collision to the driver. These systems are fairly commercially available in Today’s cars, future trends indicate that increased safety will be achieved through automatic driving controls and An increasing number of sensors in each of the road infrastructure And the car itself. An excellent example of a driver assistance cruise control (CC) system, which have the ability to maintain and evolve a constant speed predefined by the user, Adaptive cruise control (ACC), which adds to the CC The ability to keep a safe distance from the previous One of the drawbacks of these systems is that they are not Independently able to distinguish between straight And the curved parts of the road, where the speed should be Lowered to avoid accidents. Recently, CWSs that use a . file has been developed A combination of GPS and digital maps obtained from GIS (GIS), to assess threat levels for an approaching driver Curve to help speed quickly, evenly and intelligently (ISA) warns the driver when the vehicle speed is slow, Not suitable, using GPS with a digital route Map with information about speed limits Useful, these systems do not work in case of unexpected events Road conditions (eg road works, road diversions, accidents, etc.), necessitating the use of dynamically generated digital maps. The main idea presented by this document is the Use of Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technology for naming the warning signs placed on the hazardous parts of The Road.
While recognition of traffic based on device visibility Signals may fail if visibility is poor (insufficient lighting, Difficult weather conditions or obstruction of line of sight by earlier vehicles), RF signals can still be transmitted In recent years, RFID technology has been Gradually integrated into commercial transport systems. A well-known example is a REID-based highway. Toll collection systems are now commonly used in many countries, such as Italy’s Telepass system or the Auto Traffic system in Norway. Other uses include monitoring. Vehicle theft prevention systems, car park access control o Special areas and inclusion of REID cards in the license Coded ID plates specifically for automatic vehicles detection and identification. Put REID labels on a file
Highway corridors are proposed in order to provide them with the location of vehicles in tunnels or downtown areas where GPS positioning may not be reliable. In Red’s work Vehicle tags are offered as a proxy for traffic data. assembled by inductive rings placed under the road surface. Traffic information collected by a network of Renewable energy readers is used to regulate traffic at an intersection or Critical points in the city. Describes the work of Sato ADAS, where negative REID signs are placed on the road Close to the real traffic lights stop. pneumatic Placed in the back of the car and close to the ground (since The maximum sticker range is about 40cm) Allows reading of the information stored in the label note It conveys a visual or audio message to the driver. Initial tests show low driving speeds (20 km/h) good Results The work described in this article is a collaborative work Between AUTOPIA (Autonomous Vehicle Group) and LOPSI (Location and Exploration for Smart Devices Systems), both belonging to Automation Center and Robotics (CAR, UPM-CISC)
BLOCK DIAGRAM
Product Description
RF Wireless Communication Board has RF Encoder & Decoder Interfacing board with HT12D & HT12E IC chips. Features: Easy interfacing with the RF modules, using the female headers for placing the modules. Breakout pins for connecting to the microcontroller. 4 switches for manual Testing Status LEDs and a switch button. Small size, high-quality PCB. On-Board power regulator. Address line Selector Switch Package Contents: RF Encoder-Decoder board with HT12E, HT12D ICs and Address line selector switch by using this line we can communicate 256 of tx & rf RX at a time.
Product Details
L293D Motor Driver Module
Description
L293D Motor Driver Module is a medium-power motor driver perfect for driving DC Motors and Stepper Motors. It uses the popular L293D motor driver IC. It can drive 4 DC motors on and off, or drive 2 DC motors with directional and speed control.
The driver greatly simplifies and increases the ease with which you may control motors, relays, etc from micro-controllers. It can drive motors up to 12V with a total DC current of up to 600mA.
You can connect the two channels in parallel to double the maximum current or in series to double the maximum input voltage. This motor is perfect for robotics and mechatronics projects for controlling motors from microcontrollers, switches, relays etc. Perfect for driving DC and stepper motors for micro-mouse, line-following robots, robot arms, etc.
Features :
- Wide supply voltage: 4.5 V to 12 V.
- Max supply current: 600 mA per motor.
- The driver has two holes of 3 mm dia.
- Male burg-stick connectors for supply, ground and input connection.
- Screw terminal connectors for easy motor connection.
- High noise immunity inputs.
DC Motor – 60RPM – 12Volts
Description
These motors are simple DC Motors featuring gears for the shaft to obtain optimal performance characteristics. They are known as Center Shaft DC Geared Motors because their shaft extends through the centre of their gearbox assembly.
These standard-size DC Motors are very easy to use. Also, you don’t have to spend much money to control motors with an Arduino or compatible board. The TheL298N H-bridge module with an onboard voltage regulator motor driver can be used with this motor that has a voltage of between 5 and 35V DC.
This DC Motor – 60RPM – 12Volts can be used in all-terrain robots and a variety of robotic applications. These motors have a 3 mm threaded drill hole in the middle of the shaft thus making it simple to connect it to the wheels or any other mechanical assembly.
Nut and threads on the shaft to easily connect and internally threaded shaft for connecting it to the wheels.
These DC Geared motors with robust metal/Plastic gearboxes for heavy-duty applications, available in the wide RPM range(Check the list below) and ideally suited for robotics and industrial applications
- It comes with Good Quality Gear.
- Metal gears have better wear and tear properties.
- The gearbox is sealed and lubricated with lithium grease and requires no maintenance.
- Although the motor gives 60 RPM at 12V, the motor runs smoothly from 4V to 12V and gives a wide range of RPM, and torque.
- The shaft has a hole for better coupling.
Final code
#include <LiquidCrystal.h>
LiquidCrystal lcd(A0,A1,A2,A3,A4,A5);
int sw1 =2;
int sw2 =3;
int sw3 =4;
int sw4 =5;
int out1=9;
int out2=10;
void setup()
{
pinMode(sw1,INPUT);
pinMode(sw2,INPUT);
pinMode(sw3,INPUT);
pinMode(sw4,INPUT);
pinMode(out1,OUTPUT);
pinMode(out2,OUTPUT);
Serial.begin(9600);
lcd.begin(16,2);
}
void loop()
{
if((digitalRead(sw1)==HIGH) && (digitalRead(sw2)==LOW) && (digitalRead(sw3)==LOW) && (digitalRead(sw4)==LOW))
{
analogWrite(out1,255);
lcd.setCursor(0, 0);
lcd.print("HIGH SPEED ");
lcd.setCursor(0, 1);
lcd.print(" ");
}
else if((digitalRead(sw1)==LOW) && (digitalRead(sw2)==HIGH) && (digitalRead(sw3)==LOW) && (digitalRead(sw4)==LOW))
{
analogWrite(out1,125);
lcd.setCursor(0, 0);
lcd.print("MEDIAM SPEED ");
lcd.setCursor(0, 1);
lcd.print(" ");
}
else if((digitalRead(sw1)==LOW) && (digitalRead(sw2)==LOW) && (digitalRead(sw3)==HIGH) && (digitalRead(sw4)==LOW))
{
analogWrite(out1,80);
lcd.setCursor(0, 0);
lcd.print("LOW SPEED ");
lcd.setCursor(0, 1);
lcd.print(" ");
}
else if((digitalRead(sw1)==LOW) && (digitalRead(sw2)==LOW) && (digitalRead(sw3)==LOW) && (digitalRead(sw4)==HIGH))
{
analogWrite(out1,0);
}
else
{ digitalWrite(out1,LOW);
digitalWrite(out2,LOW);
lcd.setCursor(0, 0);
lcd.print("RF BASED DC MOTOR");
lcd.setCursor(0, 1);
lcd.print("CONIROL SYSTEM");
}
}